![]() The 1856 published score includes a text preface, which however is not from Lamartine. It seems that Liszt took steps to obscure the origin of the piece, and that this included the destruction of the original overture's title page, and the re-ascription of the piece to Lamartine's poem, which however, does not itself contain anything like the music's 'question'. However, the piece was originally conceived as the overture to Les quatre élémens, settings of poems by Joseph Autran, which itself was drawn from music of the four choruses of the cycle. The full title of the piece, "Les préludes (d'après Lamartine)" refers to an Ode from Alphonse de Lamartine's Nouvelles méditations poétiques of 1823. He adds that "he music, whilst heavily indebted in concept to Berlioz, self-consciously advertises its descent from Beethoven even as it flaunts its freedom from the formal constraints to which Beethoven had submitted The standard "there and back" construction that had controlled musical discourse since at least the time of the old dance suite continues to impress its general shape on the sequence of programatically derived events." The programme Richard Taruskin points out that the sections of Les préludes " to the movements of a conventional symphony if not in the most conventional order". The melody was taken from the chorus piece Les astres (The Stars) in Les quatres élémens, where it is sung to the words, "Hommes épars sur le globe qui roule" ("Solitary men on the rolling globe"). It is, however, the head of a melody, which in its entire form is for the first time played in bars 47ff. During the introduction this motif is frequently repeated in different forms. In bar 3 one of the main motifs of Les préludes (the notes C-B-E) is introduced. Battle and victory (bars 345–420) (including recapitulation of 'Question', bar 405 ff.).Question (Introduction and Andante maestoso) (bars 1–46).Les préludes is written for a large orchestra of strings, woodwind, brass (including tuba and bass trombone), harp and a variety of percussion instruments (timpani, side drum, bass drum and cymbals). These settings were later orchestrated, and an orchestral overture was written for them. Much of the music of Les préludes derives from Liszt's earlier choral cycle Les quatre élémens (The Four Elements). Les préludes is the earliest example of an orchestral work entitled "symphonic poem". The score was published in 1856 by Breitkopf & Härtel, who also published the musical parts in 1865. Its premiere was in 1854, directed by Liszt himself. ![]() The music is partly based on Liszt's 1844/5 choral cycle Les quatre élémens (The Four Elements). It is listed as S.97 in Humphrey Searle's catalogue of Liszt's music. Les préludes is the third of Franz Liszt's thirteen symphonic poems.
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